Myths and Legends of Lijiang Old Town
Lijiang Old Town, a UNESCO World Heritage Site in Yunnan Province, is not only famous for its cobblestone streets, canals, and Naxi architecture—it is also a land of myths and legends. For centuries, the Naxi people have preserved their stories through the Dongba script (one of the world’s few surviving pictographic writing systems) and oral traditions. These legends enrich the cultural soul of Lijiang, turning every bridge, street, and mountain into a storybook of Chinese folklore.
In this article, we’ll explore some of the most fascinating myths and legends connected to Lijiang Old Town.
1. The Legend of Jade Dragon Snow Mountain
Overlooking Lijiang, the Jade Dragon Snow Mountain (Yulong Xueshan) is said to be the incarnation of a warrior god. According to Naxi mythology, he fought against an evil demon to protect the land and the people. His spirit transformed into the snow-capped mountain that now guards the town. Many locals believe the mountain’s white peaks are symbols of purity, strength, and eternal protection.
2. The Romance of the Black Dragon Pool
The beautiful Black Dragon Pool (Heilongtan) is surrounded by legends. One story tells of a dragon spirit who once lived in the waters, blessing the land with rainfall and fertility. Locals built temples around the pool to honor this dragon. Today, the pool remains one of Lijiang’s most photographed sites, blending natural beauty with mythical charm.
3. The Story of Mu Family Rulers
The Mu family, who governed Lijiang for over 400 years during the Ming and Qing dynasties, are surrounded by legends of wisdom and diplomacy. Local tales claim that the Mu family had divine protection from heavenly beings, which helped them rule peacefully and keep Lijiang prosperous as a trade hub on the Tea Horse Road.
4. The Legend of the Love Lock Bridges
In Lijiang Old Town, couples often hang locks on bridges and canals, symbolizing eternal love. This custom comes from an ancient Naxi legend: a young man and woman defied their families to be together, swearing their love by locking a chain on a bridge. The lock could never be removed, representing unbreakable devotion. Today, tourists and locals keep this romantic tradition alive.
5. The Dongba Myths
Naxi shamans, called Dongba priests, are guardians of mythological stories written in the unique pictographic Dongba script. These myths describe the origins of the world, the battle between gods and demons, and the harmony between humans and nature. Visiting Lijiang means stepping into a living museum of mythology, where the Dongba heritage is still preserved through rituals and ceremonies.
The myths and legends of Lijiang Old Town add depth to its beauty. Beyond the canals and cobblestones, every corner holds a story—from dragon spirits guarding mountains to eternal lovers sealing their fate on bridges. For travelers, discovering these tales is as rewarding as wandering its scenic streets. Lijiang is not just a destination—it’s a world where history, nature, and mythology blend together.
FAQ
1. What is Lijiang Old Town famous for?
Lijiang Old Town is renowned for its well-preserved Naxi architecture, canals, cobblestone streets, and rich cultural heritage, including myths, legends, and the Dongba script.
2. Is Lijiang Old Town a UNESCO World Heritage Site?
Yes, it was designated as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1997 for its unique town planning, historical buildings, and cultural traditions.
3. What is the legend of Jade Dragon Snow Mountain?
According to Naxi mythology, the Jade Dragon Snow Mountain represents a warrior god who protected the land. The snow-capped peaks symbolize purity, strength, and protection for the people of Lijiang.
4. Are there any romantic legends in Lijiang?
Yes, the love lock bridges originate from a Naxi legend about young lovers who defied family opposition. Tourists today continue the tradition, symbolizing eternal love.
5. Who are the Dongba priests and why are they important?
Dongba priests are Naxi shamans who preserve the town’s mythology through the Dongba pictographic script, rituals, and ceremonies, keeping ancient stories alive for generations.
6. Can visitors experience these legends today?
Absolutely! Visitors can explore temples, bridges, pools, and mountains linked to local myths. Cultural tours often include storytelling and explanations of Naxi traditions.